Traumatic Arteriovenous Fistula After Kickboxing Injury: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Introduction:: A traumatic arteriovenous fistula (AVF) after repetitive blunt trauma has not been described previously. In a 34-year-old male, the first reported case of such an injury after repetitive blunt trauma is described. Case Presentation:: A 34-year-old gentleman presented with a non-healing ulcer near his medial malleolus. A bone scan was performed and then treated for presumed osteomyelitis. An arteriogram confirmed an AVF, and coil embolization was performed with complete occlusion of the AVF. Subsequently, the ulcer healed rapidly with no complication. Along with the cause of AVF, this case is notable for symptom presentation. Conclusions:: Arteriovenous fistula after blunt trauma can present as a non-healing venous stasis ulcer, which could be treated non-invasively

Substrate induced proximity effect in superconducting niobium nanofilms

Structural and superconducting properties of high quality Niobium nanofilms with different thicknesses are investigated on silicon oxide and sapphire substrates. The role played by the different substrates and the superconducting properties of the Nb films are discussed based on the defectivity of the films and on the presence of an interfacial oxide layer between the Nb film and the substrate. The X-ray absorption spectroscopy is employed to uncover the structure of the interfacial layer. We show that this interfacial layer leads to a strong proximity effect, specially in films deposited on a SiO$_2$ substrate, altering the superconducting properties of the Nb films. Our results establish that the critical temperature is determined by an interplay between quantum-size effects, due to the reduction of the Nb film thicknesses, and proximity effects

Identification of white spot syndrome disease (WSSD) in Penaeus indicus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method in Iran

A high mortality of cultured shrimp Penaeus indicus was spotted in summer 2002 in Khouzestan province, southwestern Iran. White spots with a size of 0.5-2mm was one of the typical external signs of the infected shrimps. Our examination revealed that the cuticle of the shrimps could be easily separated from their epidermis, their hepatopancreas was swollen, their abdomen and intestine were empty and their body colour was reddish. Based on the symptoms, we suspected that white spot syndrome disease (WSSD) might have caused the mortality. To ascertain our suspicion, we collected 90 infected specimens from the Khouzestan province and another 120 uninfected specimens from Bushehr and Hormozgan provinces in the south and Golestan province in the northeast Iran. After fixing the samples in pure alcohol, we homogenized the samples and extracted their DNA content using phenol-chloroform methods. Using a WSSD kit, we conducted the PCR method which showed the specimens from Khouzestan province (Abadan area) were definitely infected with WSSD while results for samples from other provinces were negative

Investigation of survival ratio and growth rate in offspring of Salmo trutta caspius

We investigated the survival ratio and the growth rate of offspring of Salmo tuna caspius produced from three groups of brood fish in Shahid Bahonar Rearing and Breeding Center in Klardasht in 2005. The three groups of brood fish belonged the early, mid, and late-migration period. The sampling was done randomly, and in each group 15 female and 5 male fish were included. After spawning and hatching, 22500 eggs were used in each group (3 treatments, repeated 9 times). The results showed no significant difference in the survival ratio of the egg and larva in the three groups of the brood fish in each stage of evolution up to two months after the start of active feeding (P>0.05). However, after the start of active feeding there was a significant difference (P 0.05). Based on the results, we suggest that the brood fish from the early migration period are more suitable for producing offspring and their offspring pass through the smoltification stage more rapidly. However, in terms of genetic diversity, it would be appropriate to use brood fish from all migration periods

HEADACHE AS A SOLE MANIFESTATION OF NON-CONVULSIVE STATUS EPILEPTICUS

Non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) may present with several manifestations, many of which may not be obvious. The most important tool for the diagnosis of NCSE is the electroencephalograph (EEG) pattern. This is a case report of a boy 9 years of age presenting with severe and continuous headache. He had received chemotherapy for histiocytosis, diagnosed at the age of 3.5 years. No evidence of central nervous system (CNS) involvement was found. He was diagnosed as having NCSE and following anticonvulsant therapy the headache and EEG abnormality disappeared completely within 24 hours. Headache and seizure disorder may coexist in different situations; to our knowledge this maybe the first report of NCSE with headache as a sole manifestation.Keywords:Non-convulsive status epilepticus, headach

Short communication: Population genetic structure studies of Liza aurata based on mtDNA control region sequences analyses in the southern coasts of the Caspian Sea

Nowadays many species are endangered as a result of habitat loss. Decreases in population lead to reduced genetic diversity, which can cause survival crisis in a population (Cecconi et al., 1995). Nowadays optimal management of fish stocks needs information on population structure of species that is provided to researchers through genetic science. Bereavement of science about stock composition will lead to the fracture of fisheries management and unsuitable harvest of stocks (Papasotiropoulos et al., 2007). One of the beneficial methods to demonstrate genetic diversity is haplotype analysis of the D-loop region, an index which is very important and determinant for the preservation of species. Significant genetic variation is found in the D-loop region, even among individuals within a given species. Grey mullets are not endemic species of the Caspian Sea. Juveniles of L. aurata, L. saliens and Mugil cephallus were introduced from the Black Sea into the Caspian Sea during the years 1930-1934. But only the introduction of L. aurata and L. saliens was successful and they adapted well to the ecological conditions of the Caspian Sea (Fazli et al., 2008)

Molecular population study on Penaeus semisulcatus from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea using cytochrom oxidase subunit I (COI) gene by RFLP method

The objective of this investigation was molecular population study on Penaeus semisulcatus stocks from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Samples were collected using trawling method from Hormuz (40 individuals) and Bushehr (35 individuals) regions. The DNA of samples were extracted using phenol and chloroform method and then were simplified using a pair premier of Cytochrom Oxidase Subunit I (COI) gene sequence by a thermal cycler. Nine restriction enzyme were Used to digest the larger gene region that five of them (Alu I, Hinf I, Hinc I I, Hpa I I and Rca I) appeared Polymorphic patterns. Reap software and X^2 test were used to analyses the RFLP data. The average nucleotide diversity arid haplotype diversity among the population were 0.0345720 ± 0.0011952 and 0.28590±0.08174 and nucleotide divergence among population, being studied, is supposed to be 8.5%. Considering the result dispersion of haplotypes in two region showed a significant difference and this is an evidence for proving the variety of the stocks

Genetic variation of Barbus capito in the southern Caspian Sea by PCR-RFLP method

In this study 60 samples were collected from the southern Caspian Sea and some rivers of Mazandaran and Guilan provinces. Genetic variation and probable population differentiation of Barbus capito were studied based on the mitochondrial cytochrom-b gene. The mitochondrial DNA was extracted from fish fin using phenol-chlorophorm method. The specific primers were designed for B. capito and the PCR experiments were done on 60 samples. 11 restriction endonuclease enzymes were applied for RFLP analysis (ALuI, AvaI, AvaII, HinfI, DdeI, HincI, HpaII, RsaI, Sau3AI, HaeIII, TaqI). PCR products (1062 pb) and DNA digests were subjected to agarose and polyacrilamid gel electrophoresis to seperate fragments according to their molecular weight. These patterns were identified similar fpr all samples. Regarding to this patterns, it can be seen that polymorphysm phenomena cannot be observed by above mentioned enzymes and cytochrome-b gene, and there is no seperate population of B. capito in the southern Caspian Sea

Electromagnetic fluctuation-induced interactions in randomly charged slabs

Randomly charged net-neutral dielectric slabs are shown to interact across a featureless dielectric continuum with long-range electrostatic forces that scale with the statistical variance of their quenched random charge distribution and inversely with the distance between their bounding surfaces. By accounting for the whole spectrum of electromagnetic field fluctuations, we show that this long-range disorder-generated interaction extends well into the retarded regime where higher-order Matsubara frequencies contribute significantly. This occurs even for highly clean samples with only a trace amount of charge disorder and shows that disorder effects can be important down to the nano scale. As a result, the previously predicted non-monotonic behavior for the total force between dissimilar slabs as a function of their separation distance is substantially modified by higher-order contributions, and in almost all cases of interest, we find that the equilibrium inter-surface separation is shifted to substantially larger values compared to predictions based solely on the zero-frequency component. This suggests that the ensuing non-monotonic interaction is more easily amenable to experimental detection. The presence of charge disorder in the intervening dielectric medium between the two slabs is shown to lead to an additional force that can be repulsive or attractive depending on the system parameters and can, for instance, wash out the non-monotonic behavior of the total force when the intervening slab contains a sufficiently large amount of disorder charges.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure